Lane splitting and lane filtering are two of the most debated motorcycle practices in the United States. While some states allow it, others treat it as a form of reckless driving. Understanding where it’s legal and how to do it safely can help riders protect themselves and avoid unnecessary tickets or accidents.

What Is Lane Splitting and Lane Filtering?

Lane splitting is when a motorcycle rides between two lanes of moving traffic that are going in the same direction. Lane filtering is similar but usually happens when traffic is stopped or moving very slowly. Many motorcyclists use these maneuvers to avoid being rear-ended in heavy traffic or to move through congestion efficiently. Even though lane splitting can reduce crash risks when done correctly, it also requires attention, skill, and awareness from both riders and drivers.

States Where Lane Splitting Is Legal

Only a handful of states in the U.S. clearly allow lane splitting or lane filtering. Here’s the breakdown.

California

California is currently the only state where lane splitting is fully legal. Motorcyclists are allowed to ride between lanes of stopped or moving vehicles. Riders are encouraged to use caution, avoid excessive speeds, and pay close attention to surrounding traffic.

Arizona

Arizona permits lane filtering when traffic is stopped on roads with a posted speed limit of 45 miles per hour or lower. Riders must operate at a safe and reasonable speed while filtering.

Utah

Utah allows lane filtering under certain conditions. The road must have a speed limit of 45 miles per hour or less, traffic must be stopped, and the motorcyclist cannot exceed 15 miles per hour while passing.

Montana

Montana permits motorcyclists to pass stopped or slow-moving vehicles as long as surrounding traffic is traveling at 10 miles per hour or less. This gives riders greater flexibility in heavy congestion.

Hawaii

Hawaii does not use the exact term lane filtering, but it allows a similar practice in certain locations. Motorcycles may move between lanes or between a lane and the shoulder when traffic is backed up, making travel more manageable in tight areas.

States Without Explicit Lane Splitting Laws

Many states do not have specific laws that allow or prohibit lane splitting. When legislation is unclear, police officers can issue citations for unsafe lane changes or reckless driving. If a crash occurs while a rider is lane splitting in one of these states, determining fault becomes more complex and may affect compensation.

States Considering Future Lane Splitting Laws

Several states are exploring new legislation to permit lane splitting or filtering.
Massachusetts is reviewing a proposal that would allow both lane splitting and filtering at speeds up to 25 miles per hour.
Virginia has proposed allowing lane filtering when traffic is stopped or extremely slow, similar to filtering laws in other states.

These bills signal that more states may move toward legalization in the future.

Why Lane Splitting Is So Controversial

Supporters argue that lane splitting can reduce congestion, prevent rear-end collisions, and make commuting safer for motorcyclists. Critics believe it increases the risk of side-swipes, startles drivers, and makes traffic unpredictable. The debate continues as more data and studies emerge.

Safe Lane Splitting Practices for Motorcyclists

Even in states where lane splitting is legal, riders should follow best safety practices.
Stay within a moderate speed range and avoid sudden movements.
Wear full protective gear, including gloves, a helmet, and protective clothing.
Stay visible by avoiding blind spots and using high-visibility gear.
Avoid lane splitting near large trucks, buses, or vehicles with limited visibility.
Do not lane split in poor weather conditions or when visibility is reduced.
Keep both hands on the handlebars and stay fully focused on the road.

Looking at International Lane Splitting

Lane splitting is widely accepted in many countries across Europe, Asia, and South America. Riders in these regions routinely split lanes under regulated conditions. The international success of lane splitting has encouraged several U.S. states to consider creating clearer and safer rules.

Final Thoughts

The legality of lane splitting in the United States is still developing. California remains the only state where it is fully legal, but more states are gradually adopting or evaluating lane filtering laws. Motorcyclists should always stay informed, know local rules, and practice safe riding techniques. Whether lane splitting is legal or not where you live, being aware, alert, and responsible on the road is the best way to stay safe.